Cost231 Walfisch/Ikegami

The Cost231 Walfish/Ikegami propagation model is used for estimating the
path loss in an urban environment for wireless communication systems.
The Cost231 model is a combination of empirical and deterministic modeling
for estimating the path loss in an urban environment over the frequency
range of 800 to 2000 MHz. The Cost231 model is used primarily in
Europe for GSM modeling and in some propagation models used for cellular
in the United States.
The Cost231 model is composed of three basic components:
1. Free space loss
2. Roof-to-street diffraction loss and scatter loss
3. Multiscreen loss
The equations which comprise Cost231 are listed next where